OCI Add-ons

Add the following OCI-specific resources:

• oci-file-service-storage

• oci-native-ingress-controller

oci-file-service-storage

The OCI File Storage service provides a durable, scalable, distributed, and enterprise-grade network file system.

A persistent volume claim (PVC) is a request for persistent file storage. The OCI File Storage service file systems are mounted inside containers running on clusters created by Container Engine for Kubernetes using a CSI (Container Storage Interface) volume plugin deployed on the clusters.

To enable the CSI volume plugin to create and manage File Storage resources, the appropriate IAM policies must be applied by following these steps:

1. Apply policy to create and/or manage file systems, mount targets, and export paths:

ALLOW any-user to manage file-family in compartment <compartment-name> where request.principal.type = 'cluster'

2. Apply policy to use VNICs, private IPs, private DNS zones, and subnets:

ALLOW any-user to use virtual-network-family in compartment <compartment-name> where request.principal.type = 'cluster'

Update Default CSI Driver

When a pod attempts to access a persistent volume (PV) backed by a file system in the File Storage service, the attempt can fail with a "Permission Denied" message since the volume is only accessible to processes running as root. As a result, a pod that is not running as root receives the "Permission Denied" message when attempting to access a directory or file in the mounted volume.

To avoid getting the "Permission Denied” message, follow these steps:

1. Obtain the CSIDriver configuration file by running the following command:

kubectl get csiDriver fss.csi.oraclecloud.com -o yaml > fss_csi_driver.yaml

2. Edit the fss_csi_driver.yaml file and change the CSIDriver object's spec.fsGroupPolicy attribute from ReadWriteOnceWithFSType to File, for example as below:

kind: CSIDriver
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: "<timestamp>"
  name: fss.csi.oraclecloud.com
  resourceVersion: "<version>"
  uid: <identifier>
spec:
  attachRequired: false
  fsGroupPolicy: File
  podInfoOnMount: false
  requiresRepublish: false
  storageCapacity: false
  volumeLifecycleModes:
  - Persistent

3. Delete the existing CSIDriver object by running the following command:

kubectl delete csiDriver fss.csi.oraclecloud.com

4. Create the new CSIDriver object from fss_csi_driver.yaml by running the following command:

kubectl apply -f fss_csi_driver.yaml

For more information, see Troubleshooting File Storage Service Provisioning of PVCs.

Provisioning of PVC

You can use the File Storage service to provision persistent volume claims (PVCs) in two ways:

• Dynamic Provisioning (deprecated way)

• Static Provisioning (preferred way)

Static Provisioning

Follow these steps to create a PVC by creating a PV backed by the new file system and then create the PVC and binds the PVC to the PV backed by the File Storage service:

1. Prepare a pv.yaml file with PersistentVolume manifest for OCI File Storage with the following content:

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: fss-pv
spec:
  capacity:
    storage: 1Gi
  volumeMode: Filesystem
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteMany
  persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Delete
  csi:
    driver: fss.csi.oraclecloud.com
    volumeHandle: <filesystem_ocid from terraform output>:<mount_target_IP_address from terraform output>:<filesystem_mount_path from terraform output>

2. Deploy the PersistentVolume by running the following command:

kubectl apply -f pv.yaml

3. Prepare a pvc.yaml file with PersistentVolumeClaim manifest for OCI File Storage with the following content:

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: fss-pvc
spec:
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteMany
  storageClassName: ""
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 1Gi
  volumeName: fss-pv

4. Deploy the PersistentVolumeClaim by running the following command:

kubectl apply -f pvc.yaml -n uepe

5. Verify that PVC is bound to the PV successfully by running the following command:

kubectl get pv

The output below shows that a persistent volume claim is successfully bound to a persistent volume.

NAME     CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   RECLAIM POLICY   STATUS   CLAIM          STORAGECLASS   VOLUMEATTRIBUTESCLASS   REASON   AGE
fss-pv   1Gi        RWX            Delete           Bound    uepe/fss-pvc                  <unset>                          55s

oci-native-ingress-controller

The OCI native ingress controller implements the rules and configuration options defined in a Kubernetes ingress resource to load balance and route incoming traffic to service pods running on worker nodes in a cluster. The OCI native ingress controller creates an OCI flexible load balancer to handle requests, and configures the OCI load balancer to route requests according to the rules defined in the ingress resource.

The OCI Native Ingress controller creates the following OCI load balancer resources:

• A load balancer for each IngressClass resource where you have specified the OCI native ingress controller as the controller.

• A load balancer backend set for each unique Kubernetes service name and port number combination that you include in routing rules in Ingress resources in the cluster.

• A routing policy that reflect the rules defined in the ingress resource that is used to route traffic to backend set.

• A load balancer listener for each unique port that you include in routing rules in Ingress resources in the cluster.

To install OCI Native Ingress Controller:

1. Create a config file named user-auth-config.yaml, containing credential information, in the following format:

auth:
  region: <region from terraform output>
  user: <user_ocid configured in terraform.tfvars>
  fingerprint: <fingerprint configured in terraform.tfvars>
  tenancy: <tenancy_ocid from terraform output>

2. Create a Kubernetes secret resource named oci-config in the cluster by running the following command:

kubectl create secret generic oci-config \
--from-file=config=user-auth-config.yaml \
--from-file=private-key=<private-key-file-path>.pem \
--namespace uepe

3. Grant permission to the OCI Native Ingress Controller to access resources created by other OCI services, such as the Load Balancer service and the Certificates service by installing these IAM policies:

Allow group <group-name> to manage load-balancers in compartment <compartment-name>
Allow group <group-name> to use virtual-network-family in compartment <compartment-name>
Allow group <group-name> to manage cabundles in compartment <compartment-name>
Allow group <group-name> to manage cabundle-associations in compartment <compartment-name>
Allow group <group-name> to manage leaf-certificates in compartment <compartment-name>
Allow group <group-name> to read leaf-certificate-bundles in compartment <compartment-name>
Allow group <group-name> to manage certificate-associations in compartment <compartment-name>
Allow group <group-name> to read certificate-authorities in compartment <compartment-name>
Allow group <group-name> to manage certificate-authority-associations in compartment <compartment-name>
Allow group <group-name> to read certificate-authority-bundles in compartment <compartment-name>
Allow group <group-name> to read cluster-family in compartment <compartment-name>

ALLOW any-user to manage network-security-groups in <compartment-name> Team-Stratus where request.principal.type = 'cluster'
ALLOW any-user to manage vcns in compartment <compartment-name> where request.principal.type = 'cluster'
ALLOW any-user to manage virtual-network-family in compartment <compartment-name> where request.principal.type = 'cluster'

Allow group <group-name> to inspect certificate-authority-family in compartment <compartment-name>
Allow group <group-name> to use certificate-authority-delegate in compartment <compartment-name>
Allow group <group-name> to manage leaf-certificate-family in compartment <compartment-name>
Allow group <group-name> to use leaf-certificate-family in compartment <compartment-name>
Allow group <group-name> to use certificate-authority-delegate in compartment <compartment-name>
Allow group <group-name> to manage certificate-associations in compartment <compartment-name>
Allow group <group-name> to inspect certificate-authority-associations in compartment <compartment-name>
Allow group <group-name> to manage cabundle-associations in compartment <compartment-name>

4. Clone the OCI native ingress controller repository from GitHub by running the following command:

git clone https://github.com/oracle/oci-native-ingress-controller

5. In the local Git repository, navigate to the oci-native-ingress-controller directory and create a config file named oci-native-ingress-controller-values.yaml with the following content:

compartment_id: <compartment_ocid from terraform output>
subnet_id: <loadbalancer_subnet_ocid from terraform output>
cluster_id: <cluster_ocid from terraform output>
authType: user
deploymentNamespace: uepe

6. Install the config file oci-native-ingress-controller-values.yaml by running the following command:

helm install oci-native-ingress-controller helm/oci-native-ingress-controller -f oci-native-ingress-controller-values.yaml -n uepe

7. Confirm that the OCI native ingress controller has been installed successfully by running the following command:

kubectl logs <pod-names> -n uepe

The logs should look similar to:

I0611 03:24:13.667434       1 leaderelection.go:258] successfully acquired lease uepe/oci-native-ingress-controller
I0611 03:24:13.667480       1 server.go:81] Controller loop...
I0611 03:24:13.672076       1 auth_service.go:94] secret is retrieved from kubernetes api: oci-config
I0611 03:24:13.672463       1 auth_service.go:42] Fetching auth config provider for type: user
I0611 03:24:14.819774       1 server.go:120] CNI Type of given cluster : OCI_VCN_IP_NATIVE
I0611 03:24:14.819999       1 backend.go:374] Starting Backend controller
I0611 03:24:14.819824       1 routingpolicy.go:282] Starting Routing Policy Controller
I0611 03:24:14.819827       1 ingress.go:685] Starting Ingress controller
I0611 03:24:14.819840       1 ingressclass.go:496] Starting Ingress Class controller

When you have installed the OCI native ingress controller, you must created the following Kubernetes resources in order to start using it.

• IngressClassParameters

• IngressClass

IngressClassParameters resource

Use the custom IngressClassParameters resource to specify the details of the OCI load balancer you create for the OCI native ingress controller.

Define the resource in a .yaml file named ingress-class-params.yaml as in the example below:

apiVersion: "ingress.oraclecloud.com/v1beta1"
kind: IngressClassParameters
metadata:
  name: native-ic-params
  namespace: uepe
spec:
  compartmentId: "<compartment_ocid from terraform output>"
  subnetId: "<loadbalancer_subnet_ocid from terraform output>"
  loadBalancerName: "native-ic-lb-<cluster_name from terraform output>"
  isPrivate: false
  maxBandwidthMbps: 400
  minBandwidthMbps: 100

To create the resource, run the following command:

kubectl create -f ingress-class-params.yaml

IngressClass resource

Use the IngressClass resource to associate an Ingress resource with the OCI native ingress controller and the IngressClassParameters resource.

Define the resource in a .yaml file named ingress-class.yaml as in the example below:

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: IngressClass
metadata:
  name: native-ic-ingress-class
  annotations:
    ingressclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class: "true"
    oci-native-ingress.oraclecloud.com/id: <loadbalancer_ocid from terraform output>
spec:
  controller: oci.oraclecloud.com/native-ingress-controller
  parameters:
    scope: Namespace
    namespace: uepe
    apiGroup: ingress.oraclecloud.com
    kind: ingressclassparameters
    name: native-ic-params

To create the resource, run the following command:

kubectl create -f ingress-class.yaml

Kubernetes Add-ons

Add the following general Kubernetes resources:

• external-dns

• ingress-nginx-controller

external-dns

ExternalDNS is a Kubernetes add-on that configures public DNS servers with information about exposed Kubernetes services to make them discoverable.

To install ExternalDNS:

1. Create a Kubernetes secret containing the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure user authentication details for that the ExternalDNS can use when connecting to the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure API for inserting and updating DNS records in the DNS zone. Create a credentials file named oci.yaml with the following content:

   auth:
     region: <region from terraform output>
     tenancy: <tenancy_ocid from terraform output>
     user: <user_ocid configured in terraform.tfvars>
     key: |
       -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
      <private-key>
       -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
     fingerprint: <fingerprint configured in terraform.tfvars>
     # Omit if there is not a password for the key
     passphrase: <passphrase>
   compartment: <compartment_ocid from terraform output>

2. Create a Kubernetes secret named external-dns-config from the credentials file you just created by running the following command:

kubectl create secret generic external-dns-config --from-file=oci.yaml -n uepe

3. Create a configuration file (for example, called external-dns-values.yaml), and specify the name of the Kubernetes secret you just created as in the example below:

oci:
  secretName: external-dns-config
provider: oci
policy: sync
domainFilters:
- <cluster_dns_zone_name from terraform output>
txtOwnerId: <cluster_dns_zone_ocid from terraform output>

4. Add the bitnami helm repository by running the following command:

helm repo add bitnami https://charts.bitnami.com/bitnami

5. Update the helm repository to get the latest software by running the following command:

helm repo update

6. Do a helm install with the yaml file external-dns-values.yaml to deploy ExternalDNS:

helm install external-dns bitnami/external-dns -f external-dns-values.yaml -n uepe

5. Confirm that external-dns has been installed successfully by running the following command:

kubectl logs <pod-name> -n uepe

The logs should look similar to the example below:

time="2024-06-11T05:29:19Z" level=info msg="Instantiating new Kubernetes client"
time="2024-06-11T05:29:19Z" level=info msg="Using inCluster-config based on serviceaccount-token"
time="2024-06-11T05:29:19Z" level=info msg="Created Kubernetes client https://10.96.0.1:443"
time="2024-06-11T05:29:21Z" level=info msg="All records are already up to date"

ingress-nginx-controller

The Ingress NGINX Controller is an ingress controller for Kubernetes using NGINX as a reverse proxy and load balancer.

To install the Ingress NGINX Controller, follow these steps:

1. Add the ingress-nginx helm repository:

   helm repo add ingress-nginx https://kubernetes.github.io/ingress-nginx

2. Update the helm repository to get the latest software:

   helm repo update

3. Create a file called ingress-nginx-values.yaml and populate it with the following helm values:

   controller:
     scope:
       enabled: true
     admissionWebhooks:
       enabled: false
     metrics:
       enabled: false
       serviceMonitor:
         enabled: false
     ingressClassResource:
       name: nginx
       enabled: true
       default: false
       controllerValue: "k8s.io/ingress-nginx"
     watchIngressWithoutClass: false
     service:
       externalTrafficPolicy: "Local"
       targetPorts:
         http: 80
         https: 443
       type: NodePort
     extraArgs:
       v: 1
   serviceAccount:
     create: false

4. Install the ingress-nginx-controller helm chart:

   helm install ingress-nginx ingress-nginx/ingress-nginx --version <helm chart version> -f ingress-nginx-values.yaml -n uepe

   Where <helm chart version> is a compatible version listed in the Compatibility Matrix (4.2).

If you run the helm list -A command you will see all add-ons added in this section, for example like below:

NAME                        	NAMESPACE	REVISION	UPDATED                             	STATUS  	CHART                             	APP VERSION
ingress-nginx-controller        uepe     	1       	2024-02-22 11:44:54.18561 +0800 +08 	deployed	ingress-nginx-4.9.1               	1.9.6

This section is now complete and you can proceed to the Usage Engine Private Edition Preparations - OCI (4.2) section.